User engagement is one of those terms that feels universally understood. It's self-explanatory, at least, on the surface.

But then someone inevitably asks: “How engaged are our users?” 

The answers are rarely satisfying. You look at logins. Sessions. Feature usage. You even get a dashboard that looks busy and important, but doesn’t explain what’s really happening.

This guide exists to slow that moment down and make meaning from noise.

Consider this your re-introduction to user engagement, beyond a vanity metric or a growth buzzword. You'll re-contextualize a word that can mean anything, and leave with a system you can reason about, play for, and improve with confidence.

We’ve spent more than a decade working alongside product, onboarding, and customer teams who live with user engagement, and work through those problems every day. We’ll share what we’ve seen work, what reliably fails, and how teams like yours move forward without guessing.

More practically, you’ll learn:

  • What user engagement actually is (and what it definitely isn’t)
  • How user engagement differs from customer engagement and why that distinction matters
  • A practical engagement framework teams use to diagnose problems
  • A full engagement play library you can apply and iterate on
  • How to measure user engagement without overcomplicating it
  • How Product, CS, and Customer Marketing each contribute without stepping on each other

If you’re trying to understand why users stall, drift, or disengage after a promising start, this guide is for you.

Want to skip straight to engagement plays? Click here.

What is user engagement? (And what are we really talking about?)

Let’s start by grounding the term.

User engagement is how users are repeatedly getting value from your product.

Not opening it, or clicking around. Real value that relates to their goals.

Engagement is about how many users:

  • reach meaningful outcomes
  • understand why those outcomes matter
  • return to achieve them again
  • deepen their usage over time

This is where engagement gets misunderstood.

Teams often default to what’s easiest to measure: sessions, DAU/MAU, feature clicks. Those signals aren’t necessarily useless, but they’re incomplete. They tell you that users did something, not whether what they did mattered.

In short: user engagement is about progress, not presence.

User engagement definition. User engagement is when a user is realizing value through an interaction with a software product or brand.

User engagement vs. customer engagement

Before we go any further, we need to address a common point of confusion: the difference between user engagement and customer engagement. Two similar terms, two different purposes. 

User engagement

User engagement focuses on what happens inside the product itself. It can be measured through a product health score and directly correlates to how a customer gets value out of the product. 

Customer engagement

Customer engagement is typically high-touch and relationship driven and can be measured via sentiment score. It’s the measure of how a customer gets value out of the company or the relationship at-large.

Here’s a table breakdown of what each category is made up of. 

User engagement
Customer engagement
How users learn as they go
Onboarding calls
How they discover value on their own
Training sessions
How they build habits
QBRs
How the product guides them without a human in the loop
Proactive check-ins
One-to-one guidance

When teams blur these two, engagement gets unclear.

If usage only improves when CS intervenes, you don’t really have a user engagement strategy. What you’ve got is a manual safety net. It can save accounts, but it can’t scale indefinitely.

In reality, both are two sides of the same coin. Strong teams understand both of their functions as unique, and use them to reinforce one another. Together, they make up a more thorough and comprehensive view of customer health.

Why is user engagement important (beyond the obvious)

Engagement matters because it’s one of the clearest leading indicators you have that when users interact with your product or service, they're cleanly experiencing what you played for them.

When engagement is healthy, you tend to see:

  • stronger retention later and a longer customer lifetime
  • steadier adoption of core workflows
  • fewer reactive support conversations
  • more natural expansion
  • expanded customer advocacy with compelling success stories

When engagement is weak, the symptoms show up downstream:

  • users activate once, then disappear
  • key features launch to silence
  • churn that feels sudden and confusing

Retention tells you what’s already happened, while user engagement is a crystal ball. You learn what’s about to occur, and that gives you time to change course before it drops customer satisfaction and impacts the business.

User advocacy: the downstream signal of strong engagement

User advocacy isn’t something teams can manufacture with campaigns alone. It shows up when users consistently reach value, understand why it matters, and feel confident enough in the product to put their name behind it.

Advocacy can take many forms:

  • Referrals
  • Testimonials
  • Case study participation
  • Public reviews
  • Recommendations to peers

What these behaviors have in common is voluntary effort. Users aren’t just using the product; they’re extending their engagement beyond it.

Importantly, advocacy isn’t an early engagement goal. It’s a downstream signal that your engagement strategy is working. When users struggle to reach value or feel uncertain about their progress, advocacy stays quiet. When engagement is strong, advocacy emerges naturally.

For that reason, teams should treat advocacy as validation, not a lever. If you’re pushing for referrals or reviews before users consistently succeed, the underlying engagement loop likely needs attention first.

Why user engagement fails (the plays behind low confidence)

Most engagement problems don’t come from lazy users or strong feelings. They’re born from constraints: time, data, ownership, and clarity.

Over and over, we’ve seen growth teams face the same problems. Here’s what’s most common:

User engagement focuses on activity instead of outcomes

Teams track what’s easy, not what’s meaningful. Dashboards fill up, but decisions don’t get easier.

Paths are built around what you want users to, not value

Teams chart a course for users around what the product should do. Which means, more often than not, teams fail to consider or incorporate actual user priorities. 

Every user gets the same path

Different roles, goals, and maturity levels are flattened into a single experience. Relevance disappears.

Engagement relies on reminders

If user engagement depends on emails, nudges, or check-ins, it’s brittle. The product isn’t doing enough of the work.

Feature adoption plateaus early

Users interact and learn just enough to get by, then stop expanding. They never reach power user status.

No one can say where users get stuck

When user engagement drops, the debrief is full of “My guess is…”. Without a shared view of the journey, user behavior is up to interpretation. And that’s not strong enough to build a strategy on.

These problems are common (and fixable), but only if you can recognize which ones you’re dealing with.

How to think about user engagement (before trying to fix it)

Engagement becomes easier to work on when you go beyond the numbers and treat it as a loop. 

Most engagement follows the same structure:

  1. A user is prompted to act
  2. They take a meaningful action
  3. They experience value
  4. That value is reinforced and remembered

When engagement is low, odds are that one of these steps is weak. 

Instead of asking “How do we get users to do more?”, ask:

  • Where does the loop break?
  • What feels unclear or like it’s too much effort?
  • Where does value go unacknowledged?
  • What happens immediately after success?

When you ask these questions to analyze user behavior, you flesh out the details. This exercise helps you diagnose your problems, so you have a better understanding of how to improve user engagement.

Engagement plays: ownership & governance reference

One of the hardest parts of user engagement is knowing who owns what. 

This reference table exists to support alignment, and clarify who leads each play plus how teams typically review and maintain them over time.

SCROLL
Play
Primary lead
Key partners
Review trigger
Watch for
Repeat Value
Product
CS, Customer Marketing
Workflow changes, retention dips
Return usage depends on reminders
Progress & Momentum
Product
CS, UX
Activation or drop-off reviews
Steps completed without confidence
Contextual Guidance
Product
Support, CS
Repeated friction or support themes
Help becoming background noise
Feature Discovery
Product, Product Marketing
Customer Marketing
Feature releases, adoption stalls
Discovery driven by launch timing
Re-engagement
Customer marketing
Product, CS
Inactivity spikes, trial drop-off
Messaging compensating for experience gaps

Collaborating on engagement (beyond ownership)

Clear ownership helps prevent gaps, but engagement work rarely succeeds when it’s treated as a series of handoffs.

Most engagement problems sit at the intersection of Product, Customer Success, and Customer Marketing. Product sees behavior, CS hears friction, and Marketing reinforces direction but improvement stalls when each team works from a different diagnosis.

Strong collaboration starts by aligning on what’s breaking in the user experience, not on which team should act.

Before choosing a play or launching changes, teams should agree on:

  • where users slow down, hesitate, or drop off
  • what users are likely trying to accomplish in that moment
  • what “making progress” would look like one step later

When those answers are shared, ownership becomes an accelerator instead of a boundary.

How teams should work together on engagement problems

A simple way to collaborate without adding a heavy process is to anchor discussions around behavior, not solutions.

When reviewing engagement, ask together:

  1. Where does momentum break for most users?
    Focus on patterns in behavior, not isolated anecdotes or requests.
  2. What does the product expect users to understand or do at that moment?
    Gaps here often explain hesitation better than friction alone.
  3. Is the product carrying enough of the load, or are we compensating elsewhere?
    Heavy reliance on messaging or manual intervention usually points to an experience issue upstream.

These questions help teams converge on the same problem, even if they contribute in different ways.

Prioritizing when multiple engagement issues compete for attention

When teams surface several engagement problems at once, prioritization often turns into a debate about urgency or ownership.

Instead of ranking ideas, prioritize problems using these questions:

  1. How early does this issue appear in the user journey?
    Earlier breaks usually deserve attention first.
  2. How many users are affected, not how loudly it’s reported?
    Widespread friction matters more than edge cases.
  3. Does this issue block progress toward value, or slow it down?
    Blockers take precedence over inefficiencies.
  4. Will fixing this reduce the need for downstream work?
    Strong priorities simplify future engagement efforts rather than adding more.

The goal isn’t to solve everything. It’s to choose the issue that, once addressed, makes the rest easier to reason about.

What to watch for

Collaboration tends to break down when:

  • teams jump to tactics before agreeing on the problem
  • multiple engagement plays are applied to the same moment
  • messaging is used to paper over unclear product paths

These are usually signals that prioritization happened too late or not at all.

User engagement metrics that actually matter (and how to use them)

If you don’t measure engagement, everything feels like progress.

But is any of it actually helping users?

This is where tracking user engagement comes in. Rather than a metrics scoreboard, it’s a way to understand whether users are moving closer to value or quietly drifting away.

The goal isn’t to track everything, just the few signals that tell you whether engagement plays are doing their job.

Start with the job, not the metric

Before looking at dashboards, get clear on what engagement means for your product.

Ask:

  • What does a “successful” user do more than once?
  • What behavior tells us someone understands the value?
  • What early actions correlate with long-term usage?

Those answers should shape your metrics, not the other way around. If a metric doesn’t help answer one of those questions, it’s probably noise.

Engagement Rate

What it tells you
Are users continuing to interact with the parts of the product that matter after activation?

Engagement rate helps you understand whether users are building habits around value-driving actions, not just showing up once. It’s most useful for spotting shallow usage that doesn’t turn into sustained behavior.

How to define it
Engagement rate only works when it’s tied to a specific, repeatable action that represents ongoing value.

Good engagement actions:

  • can be repeated over time
  • correlate with retention or expansion
  • reflect real usage, not passive activity

Examples

  • completing a core workflow
  • reviewing results or outputs
  • collaborating with teammates

Avoid defining engagement as “logged in” or “opened the app.”

How to use it

Use engagement rate to:

  • identify drop-off after activation
  • evaluate whether engagement plays are working
  • compare cohorts before and after experience changes

Common signals:

  • High activation, low engagement → users see value once but don’t return
  • Stable or rising engagement → habits are forming
  • Engagement drops after a change → relevance or friction issues were introduced

Where to find it

This is typically reviewed in an engagement or active usage report that tracks how often users repeat a defined value-driving action over time.

Engagement rate tells you where momentum breaks, not why.

What to watch out for

Optimizing engagement rate in isolation can be misleading. Pair it with retention and activation to make sure engagement reflects real value, not busywork.

Engagement Rate Equation
Engagement Rate = (Users who performed an engagement action ÷ Total eligible users) × 100

This is typically measured over a fixed window, such as weekly or monthly.

Activation Rate

What it tells you
Are users reaching meaningful value?

Activation is the most important engagement metric, but only if it’s defined correctly.

A strong activation event:

  • reflects a real “aha” moment
  • goes beyond setup or account creation
  • connects to long-term usage

Examples

  • completing a core workflow
  • creating something useful
  • inviting a teammate
  • seeing a meaningful result

How to use it

If activation is low, engagement plays earlier in the journey aren’t doing enough to guide users to the right actions.

If activation is high but retention is low, users may be reaching value once, but not seeing why they should return.

Where to find it

Activation rate is usually pulled from signup-to-activation funnels that show how many new users reach your defined “first value” moment.

Activation Rate Equation:
Activation Rate = (Number of users who reach activation ÷ Total new users) × 100

Average activation rate: 32%

Time to Value

What it tells you
How long it takes users to experience their first win.

Time to value measures the gap between signup and activation. The longer that gap, the more chances there are for confusion, distraction, or drop-off.

How to use it

Look for friction you can remove, delay, or simplify.

Shortening time to value often has more impact than adding new engagement tactics. If users get value faster, many engagement problems resolve themselves.

Where to find it

Time to value is calculated by comparing signup timestamps with activation events, often surfaced in cohort or lifecycle timing analyses.

This is usually tracked as:

  • Median TTV (most useful)
  • Or average TTV (look for outliers)

Time to Value Equation:
Time to Value = Timestamp of activation - Timestamp of signup

Average time to value: 38 days

Return Usage

What it tells you
Whether value is repeatable.
This is one of the clearest engagement signals, but often overlooked.

Return usage asks:
• Do users come back on their own?
• Do they repeat the action that mattered?

How to use it

If users activate but don’t return, focus on Repeat Value plays before adding re-engagement campaigns.

Messaging can encourage a return. Only the product can make it stick.

Where to find it

Return usage is most often reviewed in retention or cohort views that show whether users repeat a core action after their initial success.

Return Usage Rate Equation
Return Usage Rate = (Users who repeat a core action within 7 days ÷ Users who activated) × 100

You can adjust the time window based on your product (daily, weekly, monthly).

Feedback Participation Rate

What it tells you
Whether users are engaged enough to invest effort back into the product.

Feedback participation is a signal of confidence. Users who consistently reach value are more likely to respond to NPS, surveys, or in-product questions — not because they’re asked, but because they feel their experience is working and worth reacting to.

This metric helps distinguish between passive usage and engaged users who have opinions, expectations, and intent.

This is typically measured over a defined window (e.g., after activation, post-milestone, or quarterly).

How to use it

Use feedback participation to:

  • validate whether engaged users feel successful enough to reflect on their experience
  • spot gaps where users are active but disengaged or indifferent
  • sanity-check engagement improvements after major experience changes

Common signals:

  • High engagement, low feedback → users may be active but unclear on value or outcomes
  • Feedback clustered among power users → engagement depth is uneven
  • Rising feedback after a change → users noticed and cared

Where to find it

This metric is usually reviewed by comparing survey or NPS responses against recent product usage and progress toward value, rather than looking at response volume alone.

What to watch for

Feedback participation doesn’t measure satisfaction or loyalty on its own. A high response rate without strong engagement often signals friction or confusion, not success. Context matters.

Feedback Participation Rate Equation
Feedback Participation Rate = (Users who submit feedback ÷ Users who were eligible to give feedback) × 100

Engagement Depth

What it tells you
How deeply users are involved with your product.

Depth can show up as:

• number of meaningful actions completed
• use of advanced or secondary features
• expansion into broader workflows

How to use it

Shallow usage often points to unclear progress, poor discovery, or features being introduced too early.

Depth improves when users understand why the next step matters — not when they’re shown everything at once.

Where to find it

Engagement depth shows up in feature usage or behavior summaries that reveal how broadly and frequently users interact with meaningful parts of the product.

Engagement Depth Metric Equation
Engagement Depth = Average number of meaningful actions per active user
or
Advanced Feature Adoption = (Users who use feature ÷ Eligible users) × 100

Step-Level Drop-Off

What it tells you
Where engagement breaks down.

Overall engagement numbers can hide important details. Step-level drop-off shows you exactly where users hesitate, abandon, or get stuck.

How to use it

This metric pairs directly with Contextual Guidance.

When a specific step consistently loses users, that’s a signal, not a failure. It tells you where focused guidance or simplification will have the most impact.

Where to find it

Step-level drop-off is identified in funnel or path analyses that highlight where users abandon a workflow or hesitate between steps.

Step-Level Drop-off Rate Equation:
Step Drop-Off Rate = (Users who reached step − Users who completed step) ÷ Users who reached step × 100

Re-engagement Effectiveness

What it tells you
Whether re-engagement leads to sustained use.

The real question isn’t “Did they come back?”

It’s “Did they keep going?”

How to use it

If re-engagement leads to brief spikes followed by drop-off, the underlying experience needs attention.

Re-engagement works best when it reconnects users to a clear next step — not when it tries to create motivation from scratch.

Where to find it

Re-engagement effectiveness is assessed by combining re-entry activity with follow-on usage, usually by checking whether returning users reach value again after coming back.

Re-engagement Effectiveness Equation
Re-engagement Rate = (Inactive users who return and reach value ÷ Inactive users contacted) × 100

To assess quality, pair it with:

Post-Re-engagement Retention = Users still active after X days ÷ Re-engaged users

How metrics map to engagement play

Engagement metrics are most useful when they’re tied to specific plays, not tracked in isolation.

Engagement play
Metrics
Repeat Value
Return usage, early retention
Progress & Momentum
Activation rate, time to value, early drop-off
Contextual Guidance
Step-level drop-off, error rates, support volume
Feature Discovery
Feature adoption, depth of usage
Re-engagement
Reactivation rate, post-return retention

If you’re tracking a metric but can’t name the play it supports, it’s probably not actionable yet.

A note on benchmarks

Benchmarks can be helpful, but they’re not the goal.

A “good” engagement rate for one product might be terrible for another. What matters most is whether your metrics are:

  • improving over time
  • responding to changes you make
  • aligned with real user outcomes

Use benchmarks for context and trends for decisions, and as solid ground to measure your baseline against. Collect customer feedback continuously to understand not just the numbers, but the psychology and feeling that comes from your strategy.

How to keep metrics useful

A few guardrails teams find helpful:

  • Track fewer metrics, more consistently
  • Pair numbers with real user feedback
  • Review metrics alongside recent changes
  • Treat metrics as signals, not grades
  • Keep collecting user feedback to stay grounded in their reality

If a metric sparks discussion and leads to a decision, it’s doing its job. If it only shows up in slides, it probably isn’t.

How often to look at engagement metrics

Engagement metrics only help if they’re reviewed at the right rhythm.

Too often, teams either:

  • watch numbers constantly and overreact, or
  • check in too rarely and miss early signals

The goal? Early visibility without noise.

Most teams don’t need a complex cadence. Two simple check-ins are usually enough.

Weekly: Spot friction early

Weekly reviews are about answering one question:
Are users getting stuck right now?

This serves as a quick scan for friction, without turning the touch base into a performance review.

Look at:

  • Activation rate (trend) — did it shift after a change?
  • Time to value (early signals) — is it creeping up?
  • Step-level drop-off — are the same steps losing users?
  • Support plays — are the same questions coming up?

If something spikes, dips, or repeats, that’s your signal. Pick one issue and move on.

Monthly: Check whether engagement is actually improving

Monthly reviews are where the data starts showing trends you can act on.

This is where you step back and ask:
Are users coming back, going deeper, and sticking around?

Look at:

  • Activation (cohorts) — are more users reaching value?
  • Return usage — are users coming back on their own?
  • Engagement depth — are workflows expanding over time?
  • Re-engagement quality — do users keep going after they return?
  • User feedback trends — what's coming up repeatedly?

This is also the right moment to sanity-check your engagement plays:

  • Which ones are pulling their weight?
  • Where are we compensating with messaging or manual effort?
  • What deserves focus next month?

A simple guardrail

If a metric:

  • doesn’t spark discussion
  • doesn’t point to a decision
  • or doesn’t map to an engagement play

it probably doesn’t need to be reviewed that often.

Metrics are there to support judgment, not create process.

The takeaway

Good engagement metrics don’t show whether users like your product. They tell you whether users are moving closer to value and choosing to stay there.

When metrics are tied to engagement plays, teams stop guessing and start learning. And that’s when you’ll find confidence replacing anxiety.

When everything feels broken, don’t fix everything

Most teams don’t have just one engagement problem. They see low activation, shallow usage, drop-off in key steps, quiet users, and weak advocacy — all at once.

Trying to address all of it simultaneously usually creates noise, not progress.

Instead of asking “Which metric should we fix?” start with a simpler question:
Where does momentum break earliest for most users?

Engagement problems compound. When early momentum is weak, downstream issues are inevitable. Prioritization works best when you focus on restoring the first broken link in the engagement loop.

A simple prioritization rule

When you’re facing multiple issues, use this order of operations:

  1. If users don’t reach value, fix activation and time to value first
    Nothing else matters if users never experience a meaningful win.
  2. If users reach value once but don’t return, focus on repeat value
    Re-engagement campaigns won’t stick if the product doesn’t explain why coming back matters.
  3. If users return but stall or plateau, work on progress, guidance, or discovery
    This is where depth, confidence, and expansion are built.
  4. If users are active but quiet, treat feedback and advocacy as validation checks
    Silence here often reflects uncertainty or uneven value, not a lack of interest.

This sequence mirrors how engagement builds in real life: value first, then repetition, then depth, then advocacy.

What success looks like

You’ll know prioritization is working when:

  • one metric clearly moves, instead of many barely changing
  • teams stop debating what to fix and start observing behavior
  • downstream signals (feedback, advocacy, expansion) improve without being forced

Engagement improves fastest when effort is focused, sequential, and grounded in real user behavior.

How to build a user engagement strategy

Teams rarely struggle with engagement because they are inactive. They struggle because effort accumulates without direction. Messages go out when usage dips. Features get promoted when adoption looks soft. Guidance is added wherever users seem confused.

Each response makes sense in isolation. Together, they rarely form a strategy.

User engagement strategies exist to answer a simpler question: what should we focus on next, and why?

Define what success looks like after activation

User onboarding usually has a clear activation moment. Engagement needs the same clarity for what comes after.

Before choosing plays or metrics, get specific about what ongoing success looks like in real behavior. What do engaged users who stick around actually do, repeatedly? What actions show up early for loyal customers but not for disengaged ones?

This definition doesn't need to be perfect, but it does need to be shared. Without it, engagement defaults to proxies like clicks, opens, or completions. Those are easy to measure, but they rarely tell you whether users are succeeding.

Identify where momentum breaks

Once ongoing success is clear, work backward and name where users fall short.

Most teams already know the answers:

  • Users complete onboarding, then usage drops.
  • Users return once or twice but never form a habit.
  • Users stay active but never move beyond the basics.
  • CS regularly intervenes to unblock the same steps.

These aren't abstract engagement problems. Each is a specific breakdown in momentum. Good user engagement strategies should be built around fixing these moments, not around adding more activity everywhere.

User engagement loop showing 4 main main stages of engagement: initial motivation, action, feedback and/or reward, and an emotional response.

Choose one play that fits the problem

Engagement plays work best when they're applied deliberately and with intention.

If users…
Then the problem is…
Activate once and vanish
Repeat value
Start but stall
Progress
Abandon specific steps
Friction
Plateau
Discovery
Drift away quietly
Re-engagement

Trying to address all of these at once usually creates noise. Teams learn faster when they commit to one play, apply it carefully, and watch how behavior changes.

Decide what the product must carry

As a rule, anything that needs to happen for most users should live in the product itself. That includes showing what to do next, helping users recover when they get stuck, and reinforcing progress toward meaningful outcomes.

Out of app messaging works best when it can invite users back or highlight changes. But it has its downsides: it struggles when asked to explain value or guide core behavior on its own. Using out of app messaging for the sake of it, without basing its use on what people are or aren’t doing in your product, creates a delta. 

If engagement depends heavily on external messaging, that's usually a signal that the product experience needs attention and should be carrying more weight in-app.

Treat how you improve user engagement as ongoing work

Engagement is not something you finish. Like onboarding, it improves through small, focused changes tied to real behavior. Teams try something, observe what engaged users do, and adjust.

Metrics matter here only insofar as they help you see whether users are moving closer to the behavior you defined as success or further away. The goal is not to prove progress, but to learn while a user's engagement momentum, or lack thereof, is still visible.

The takeaway

Strong user engagement strategies make the product clearer, not louder.

It:

  • defines success beyond the first win
  • focuses on where momentum breaks
  • applies plays selectively
  • uses metrics to inform decisions

For teams that are struggling, this is not a promise for quick wins. It offers something more useful: a way to decide what to work on next, with confidence that the effort is tied to how users actually succeed.

Build vs. buy for user engagement

Every team that takes user engagement seriously eventually runs into the same question:

Should we build this ourselves, or should we buy a tool?

This section is here to help you make the decision intentionally, based on what kind of engagement work you need to do right now.

When building engagement in-house makes sense

Building user engagement into your product can be the right choice, especially early on.

Teams tend to build when:

  • the product surface is still changing quickly
  • engagement logic is tightly coupled to core workflows
  • the team needs deep, custom behavior that’s hard to abstract
  • engineering time is available and prioritized

In these cases, building can be faster in the short term. Everything lives in one codebase. There’s no extra system to learn or maintain and decisions stay close to the product.

Where building works best is when control is deeply important. You can play exactly what you want, where you want it, without compromise.

Where it tends to struggle is iteration. As user engagement needs evolve, small changes often require planning, development, review, and deployment. What starts as a simple adjustment can take weeks. Over time, engagement work slows down or gets deprioritized entirely. And that impacts user satisfaction, and ongoing work.

When buying an engagement platform makes sense

Buying usually becomes attractive when engagement stops being a setup problem and starts being a growth problem.

Teams tend to buy when:

  • activation and retention depend on multiple user behaviors
  • different roles or use cases need different engagement paths
  • engagement needs to change as the product evolves
  • Product, CS, or Marketing need to iterate without waiting on engineering
  • teams want visibility into what’s working and what isn’t

At this stage, the challenge isn’t knowing what to build. It’s being able to change it fast enough.

The main advantage of buying is speed. Changes can be made quickly. Experiments are easier to run. Engagement becomes a process teams can actively improve instead of something they ship once and leave alone.

The tradeoff is ownership. Tools come with constraints. Teams need discipline to avoid overusing them. Without a clear strategy, it’s easy to add more user engagement without improving outcomes.

A practical way to decide

Instead of only asking “Should we build or buy?” try starting with these questions:

  • Do we need to change engagement often as we learn?
  • Are we supporting multiple user paths or roles?
  • Is engineering time already stretched thin?
  • Do we know what we want to improve, but struggle to execute quickly?
  • Do we want visibility into engagement without building an analytics tool from scratch?

If most of those are true, buying usually makes sense.

If engagement needs are simple, stable, and tightly coupled to core logic, building can be the right call.

Neither choice is permanent. Many teams start by building, then buy later when engagement becomes more strategic. Others buy early, then build custom pieces as needed.

What matters is choosing based on your constraints, not on ideology.

An honest comparison of build vs buy

Consideration
Build in-house
Buy a platform
Control over UI logic
✅  Full control
⚠️ Constrained by platform
Deep workflow integration
✅  Native by default
⚠️ Depends on tooling
Speed to firsts version
⚠️ Slower
✅  Faster
Iteration speed
❌ Dev-dependent
✅  Low code
Experimentation
❌ Costly
✅  Designed for it
Personalization at scale
⚠️ Complex
✅  Built-in
Measurement & analytics
⚠️ Custom work
✅  Included
Long-term maintenance
❌ High
⚠️ Vendor dependency
Early-stage flexibility
✅  Strong
⚠️ Can be overkill
Mature product scalability
⚠️ Hard
✅  Designed for scale

Real-world user engagement examples

SignalPET: Sustaining engagement by reinforcing ongoing value

Engagement play: Repeat Value

Company: SignalPET

User engagement loop showing 4 main main stages of engagement: initial motivation, action, feedback and/or reward, and an emotional response.

The situation

SignalPET helps veterinary teams monitor pets between visits using ongoing health data. Early engagement looked strong, since clinics and pet owners could complete their initial setup and see value fast. The challenge, though, came from sustaining user engagement over time.Users understood the concept. What was less clear was how their early actions translated into ongoing, repeat value.

What was breaking

After the first successful interaction, the experience didn’t do enough to reinforce why returning mattered. Users had value once, but the product wasn’t consistently showing how that value accumulated over time.This was a continuity problem.

What the team changed

The team focused on reinforcing repeat value rather than pushing re-engagement.
They:

  • reframed early success as the beginning of an ongoing monitoring loop
  • surfaced signals that showed how each interaction contributed to a longer-term outcome
  • made it clear that value increased with continued use, not just initial setup

Instead of asking users to come back, the product showed them why coming back made sense.

Why this worked

Engagement improved because users could see continuity. Each interaction felt connected to the last, and future value felt easier to anticipate.

Users returned because the product made progress visible over time, not from reminders.

What this play teaches

Repeat Value plays work when they help users understand that success compounds. If users get value once but don’t come back, the experience likely isn’t doing enough to show how today’s action connects to tomorrow’s outcome.

Litmus: Helping users go deeper at the right time

Engagement play: Feature Discovery

Company: Litmus

User engagement loop showing 4 main main stages of engagement: initial motivation, action, feedback and/or reward, and an emotional response.

The situation

Users were active and comfortable with the basics, but engagement plateaued. Advanced features were rarely adopted, despite the time and effort the product team had invested in them.

What was breaking

Feature discovery followed release timing, not user readiness. Which meant in practice, features were visible, but easy to ignore because users didn’t yet understand why they mattered. Only that there was suddenly a new thing to learn.

This issue came down to timing.

What the team changed

The team narrowed their focus to discovery to improve user engagement and feature adoption.
They:

  • introduced features only after users completed related core actions
  • framed features around the problem they helped solve
  • surfaced discovery inside the workflow instead of separate tours

Instead of asking users to come back, the product showed them why coming back made sense.

Why this worked

Users encountered features only when they had the context to care. That meant discovery felt helpful, not distracting, and active users had a deeper, more meaningful connection to keep them learning.

What this play teaches

Feature Discovery works when it follows progress. Showing features too early creates noise, while showing them when they’re relevant creates meaningful user engagement.

Xometry: Driving meaningful action at the right moment

Engagement play: Contextual Guidance

Company: Xometry

User engagement loop showing 4 main main stages of engagement: initial motivation, action, feedback and/or reward, and an emotional response.

The situation

Xometry connects buyers with manufacturers, and the core action that matters is placing an order. While users were signing up and exploring, many stalled before completing that step. They had intent, but the experience wasn’t consistently helping them move from consideration to action.

Although users engaged, this revealed an in-product follow-through problem.

What was breaking

Users would. move through the product fine until they hit friction and uncertainty at decision points inside the product, specifically when they would become paying customers.

The team made sure key information and reassurance were part of the experience, but it lived outside the moment when users needed it most. As a result, users hesitated, deferred action, or dropped off entirely.

Users already wanted to place orders. But the product wasn’t actively guiding them through the moments that required the confidence they needed to act.

What the team changed

Xometry focused on contextual guidance at high-intent moments.
They:

  • identified where users most often hesitated before placing an order
  • added in-app messages that appeared directly within those workflows
  • used guidance to clarify next steps and reduce uncertainty

The messaging was tightly scoped. It showed up only when users reached a decision point and disappeared once the action was taken.

Why this worked

These were engaged users, and they didn't need more reminders or external prompts. What was missing was support in the moment of action. By placing guidance inside the workflow, Xometry helped users move forward without breaking focus or sending them elsewhere for answers.

User engagement improved because the product reduced hesitation at the exact point where users were already leaning in.

What this play teaches

Contextual Guidance works when it removes friction where intent already exists. If users want to act but don’t, the most effective engagement often happens inside the workflow, at the moment of decision.

Where to go from here

User engagement matters, and if you’ve made it this far, congratulations: you have a full understanding of the landscape you're working in.

But now it's the moment to move from ideas to confidence.

Here are the next steps teams usually take, depending on what they need most right now.

Remove adoption bottlenecks before they turn into engagement problems
Learn how teams scale digital adoption without adding friction or manual work.
Read how to scale digital adoption

See how real teams put these engagement plays into practice
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